Universal investigation instruments
Hubble Telescope- The hubble space telescope was launched in 1990 and orbits the Earth just above the atmosphere giving it views that far surpass views from ground telescopes. It has beamed houndreds of thousands of images back to Earth that have helped determine the age of the universe, the existence of dark energy, and the identity of quasars. Also, it has helped determine the cycles of galaxies and stars.
Spectroscope- A spectroscope is an instrument used to measure properties of light waves, such as the intensity of it, its wavelength, or its polarization. Theyare based off the principle of light diffraction which is when light passes through water or a prism and its waves of light are diffracted or seperated. Today scientists use spectroscopes on light given off from stars to determine what elements stars are composed of (which are mostly made of hydrogen and helium).
Spacecraft like Apollo and Voyager- Spacecraft such as Apollo were manned with actual astronauts and were sent to the moon to collect samples of it and beam images of the surface. But then we realized sending manned space craft to farther objects, such as Mars, would take too long and use up too many resources. So, we created unmanned space craft such as Voyager that were able to travel farther and let us learn more about other planets in our solar system and determine what those planets were made of.
comparison
These three instruments are similar because thay have created images of celestial bodies that are both in our solar system and outside our solar system. Also, these instruments have told us what stars and planets are made of in terms of elements. Lastly, these things are similar because they have helped us learn many things about the universe such as its age and what elements are contained in it.
Differences
These three instruments are different because they were all made for a different purpose such a the hubble telescope was made for the purpose of observing far away objects, but Apollo was made to learn about the moon. They are also different because some such as the spectro scope are manned by people and are manual operated, but things like hubble and Voyager are unmanned and are controlled by people on Earth.